CST311 Module 7

 This week focused on the link layer of networking which includes ideas such as network switches, MAC addresses and Ethernet. Modern network switches allow for multiple devices to be hardwired in the same subnet -- normally through a connection such as ethernet. Ethernet is a popular LAN connection that commonly operates through cables containing 4 sets of 2 coiled wires. Ethernet has it's own data packet standard referred to as an ethernet frame. It contains the preamble, destination and source addresses, the payload, a type field, and the CRC (cyclic redundancy check). Ethernet is connectionless and is generally unreliable because the receiving NIC doesn't send any acks or nacks to the sending NIC. All of the normal redundancy must be handled at the application layer. Another topic covered was the idea of access protocols on a network, basically how systems decide when to send data with the intent of minimizing collisions -- which generally make data unusable. Some examples are ALOHA, slotted ALOHA, TDMA, and FDMA -- with ALOHA and slotted ALOHA being random access protocols.

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